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Zero trust

Zero trust is an architectural principle, not a product. It means: trust nothing automatically, verify every access based on identity, device and context.

Who this page is for

Architects, IT and security leaders, cloud and identity engineers and executives who want to position zero trust claims.

Core idea

Instead of trusting a network or location automatically, every access is verified. Verified identity, trusted device, current context and least privilege drive the decision.

Building blocks

Identity: strong authentication, MFA, conditional access.

Device: known and compliant endpoint, ideally with EDR.

Context: risk signals such as location, time, behaviour.

Access: fine-grained permissions instead of broad network access.

Segmentation: smaller trust zones instead of one flat network.

Zero trust is not a single product

Nobody buys zero trust as a box. It is an architectural principle implemented step by step, often starting with identity security and Microsoft 365 security.

Common misconceptions

Replacing VPN alone is not zero trust.

Marketing relabel on existing architecture changes nothing.

Complexity without a plan overwhelms teams.

The goal is appropriate, conscious verification, not maximum friction.

Scenario

An organisation starts with phishing-resistant MFA, then conditional access, then device compliance, then fine-grained permissions in cloud apps. A solid zero trust picture grows step by step, without a big-bang project.

Checklist

  • Strong, phishing-resistant identities
  • Device compliance for sensitive access
  • Risk- and context-based access rules
  • Least privilege on applications and data
  • Segmentation instead of one flat network
  • Step-by-step roadmap with clear stages

Frequently asked questions

+Does zero trust replace VPN?

It often replaces classic VPN for applications but is not a pure VPN replacement product.

+Where to start?

With identities and conditional access. Many further building blocks rely on that base.

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